functions – Page 2 – My Programming Notes

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C++ || Class – A Simple Calculator Implementation Using A Class, Enum List, Typedef & Header Files

February 11, 2012 admin No comments

The following is another homework assignment which was presented in a programming class, that was used to introduce the concept of the class data structure, which is very similar to the struct data structure.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Header Files - How To Use Them Class - Data Structure Enumerated List Typedef Do/While Loop Passing a Value By Reference Constant Variables Atoi - Convert String To Int Value

This is an interactive program which simulates a basic arithmetic calculator, where the user has the option of selecting from 9 modes of operation. Of those modes, the user has the option of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing two numbers together. Also included in the calculator is a mode which deducts percentages from any given variable the user desires, so for example, if the user wanted to deduct 23% from the number 87, the program would display the reduced value of 66.99.

A sample of the menu is as followed:
(Where the user would enter numbers 1-9 to select a choice)





		
		
			Calculator Options:
  1) Clear Calculator
  2) Set Initial Calculator Value
  3) Display The Current Value
  4) Add
  5) Subtract
  6) Divide
  7) Multiply
  8) Percentage Calculator
  9) Quit

Please enter a selection:
			
				
					
				
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						Calculator Options:
  1) Clear Calculator
  2) Set Initial Calculator Value
  3) Display The Current Value
  4) Add
  5) Subtract
  6) Divide
  7) Multiply
  8) Percentage Calculator
  9) Quit
 
Please enter a selection:

This program was implemented into 3 different files (two .cpp files, and one header file .h). So the code for this program will be broken up into 3 sections, the main file (.cpp), the header file (.h), and the implementation of the functions within the header file (.cpp).

NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib> in order for the code to compile.

======== File #1 Main.cpp ========





		
		
			File #1 - main.cpp
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
// This program tests the CCalc class. A loop is entered where the user is
// prompted for a simple mathematical operation to be performed by the CCalc
// class. The user is allowed to manipulate the calculator until they
// indicate they wish to quit.
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "CCalc.h"
using namespace std;


// defined constants
const   int         LENGTH = 81;

// function prototypes
void    DisplayMenu();
void    HandleMenuSelection(CCalc  &calcObject, int  menuItem);

// enumerated list
enum    MenuChoice  { ITEM_CLEAR = 1
                    , ITEM_SET_VALUE = 2
                    , ITEM_DISPLAY_VALUE = 3
                    , ITEM_ADD = 4
                    , ITEM_SUBTRACT = 5
                    , ITEM_DIVIDE = 6
                    , ITEM_MULTIPLY = 7
                    , ITEM_PERCENT = 8
                    , ITEM_QUIT = 9};

// ==== main ==================================================================
//
// ============================================================================

int  main()
{
    // variable declarations
    CCalc       calculator;  // 'calculator' is an accessor to the 'CCalc' class
    char        myString[LENGTH];
    int         menuItem=0;

    // initialize the calculator
    calculator.SetCurrentValue(0);

    // loop and let the user manipulate the calculator
    do{
	       // display the menu and get the user selection
        DisplayMenu();
        cout << "nPlease enter a selection: ";
        cin.getline(myString, LENGTH);

        // convert the ascii string into an integer
        menuItem = atoi(myString);

        // creates a line seperator after each task is executed
        cout<<setfill('-');
        cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 
		
        // handle the menu selection
        HandleMenuSelection(calculator, menuItem);
        cout <<endl;
		
        // creates a line seperator after each task is executed
        cout<<setfill('-');
        cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 

        // ensures the menu isnt displayed twice on the screen
        if(menuItem!=1 && menuItem!=3 && menuItem!=9)
        {
		   cin.ignore();
        }
	}while(menuItem!=ITEM_QUIT);

	cout << "nBye....n";

	return 0;
}  // end of "main"

// ==== DisplayMenu ===========================================================
//
// This function displays the menu of options to stdout.
//
// Input:  nothing
//
// Output: nothing
//
// ============================================================================
void    DisplayMenu()
{
    cout << "Calculator Options:" << endl;
    cout << "  1) Clear Calculator" << endl;
    cout << "  2) Set Initial Calculator Value" << endl;
    cout << "  3) Display The Current Value" << endl;
    cout << "  4) Add" << endl;
    cout << "  5) Subtract" << endl;
    cout << "  6) Divide" << endl;
    cout << "  7) Multiply" << endl;
    cout << "  8) Percentage Calculator" << endl;
    cout << "  9) Quit" << endl;
}  // end of "DisplayMenu"

// ==== HandleMenuSelection ===================================================
//
// This function handles the menu selection by examining the input integer
// value and calling the appropriate function.
//
// Input:
//      calculator      -- a reference to the CCalc class
//
//      menuItem        -- an integer representing the current menu selection
//
// Output:
//      The desired user selection
//
// ============================================================================
void   HandleMenuSelection(CCalc  &calculator, int  menuItem)
{
	double currentValue = 0;
	double prevNum = calculator.GetPreviousValue();

	// checks to see which user defined selection the calculator will execute
	// as defined in the enum list located above the main function.
	// A switch would be more practical to be used here, but i wasnt 
	// comfortable yet using switches when this program was initially made
	if (menuItem == ITEM_CLEAR)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is " << calculator.Clear() << endl;
	}
	// set a initial value
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_SET_VALUE)
	{
		cout << "nPlease enter a new value to assign: ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		calculator.SetCurrentValue(currentValue);
	}
	// display current value
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_DISPLAY_VALUE)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// add current number by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_ADD)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a number to be added to "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;	

		calculator.Add(currentValue);
		cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" + "<<currentValue<<" = "<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// subtract current number by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_SUBTRACT)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a number to be subtracted from "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;

		calculator.Subtract(currentValue);
		cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" - "<<currentValue<<" = "
			<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// divide current value by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_DIVIDE)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a divisor to be divided by "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		if (currentValue == 0)
		{
			cout << "nSorry, division by zero is not allowed...nPlease press ENTER to continue...";
			cin.get();
		}
		else
		{
			calculator.Divide(currentValue);
			cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" "<<char(246)<<" "<<currentValue<<" = "
				<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
		}
	}
	    // multiply current value by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_MULTIPLY)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a number to be multiplied by "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		
		calculator.Multiply(currentValue);
		cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" x "<<currentValue<<" = "
			<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// convert value to decimal percent
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_PERCENT) 
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a percentage to be deducted from "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		
		cout << "n"<<currentValue<<"% off of "<<prevNum<<" is "
			<< calculator.GetPercentage(currentValue) <<endl;
	}
	// quit program
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_QUIT) 
	{
		cout << "nCalculator will now quit";
	}
	// user entered an invalid choice
	else
	{
		cout << "nYou have entered an invalid command...nPlease press ENTER to try again.";
	}
}  // http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
// This program tests the CCalc class. A loop is entered where the user is
// prompted for a simple mathematical operation to be performed by the CCalc
// class. The user is allowed to manipulate the calculator until they
// indicate they wish to quit.
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "CCalc.h"
using namespace std;
 
 
// defined constants
const   int         LENGTH = 81;
 
// function prototypes
void    DisplayMenu();
void    HandleMenuSelection(CCalc  &calcObject, int  menuItem);
 
// enumerated list
enum    MenuChoice  { ITEM_CLEAR = 1
                    , ITEM_SET_VALUE = 2
                    , ITEM_DISPLAY_VALUE = 3
                    , ITEM_ADD = 4
                    , ITEM_SUBTRACT = 5
                    , ITEM_DIVIDE = 6
                    , ITEM_MULTIPLY = 7
                    , ITEM_PERCENT = 8
                    , ITEM_QUIT = 9};
 
// ==== main ==================================================================
//
// ============================================================================
 
int  main()
{
    // variable declarations
    CCalc       calculator;  // 'calculator' is an accessor to the 'CCalc' class
    char        myString[LENGTH];
    int         menuItem=0;
 
    // initialize the calculator
    calculator.SetCurrentValue(0);
 
    // loop and let the user manipulate the calculator
    do{
	       // display the menu and get the user selection
        DisplayMenu();
        cout << "nPlease enter a selection: ";
        cin.getline(myString, LENGTH);
 
        // convert the ascii string into an integer
        menuItem = atoi(myString);
 
        // creates a line seperator after each task is executed
        cout<<setfill('-');
        cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 
		
        // handle the menu selection
        HandleMenuSelection(calculator, menuItem);
        cout <<endl;
		
        // creates a line seperator after each task is executed
        cout<<setfill('-');
        cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 
 
        // ensures the menu isnt displayed twice on the screen
        if(menuItem!=1 && menuItem!=3 && menuItem!=9)
        {
		   cin.ignore();
        }
	}while(menuItem!=ITEM_QUIT);
 
	cout << "nBye....n";
 
	return 0;
}  // end of "main"
 
// ==== DisplayMenu ===========================================================
//
// This function displays the menu of options to stdout.
//
// Input:  nothing
//
// Output: nothing
//
// ============================================================================
void    DisplayMenu()
{
    cout << "Calculator Options:" << endl;
    cout << "  1) Clear Calculator" << endl;
    cout << "  2) Set Initial Calculator Value" << endl;
    cout << "  3) Display The Current Value" << endl;
    cout << "  4) Add" << endl;
    cout << "  5) Subtract" << endl;
    cout << "  6) Divide" << endl;
    cout << "  7) Multiply" << endl;
    cout << "  8) Percentage Calculator" << endl;
    cout << "  9) Quit" << endl;
}  // end of "DisplayMenu"
 
// ==== HandleMenuSelection ===================================================
//
// This function handles the menu selection by examining the input integer
// value and calling the appropriate function.
//
// Input:
//      calculator      -- a reference to the CCalc class
//
//      menuItem        -- an integer representing the current menu selection
//
// Output:
//      The desired user selection
//
// ============================================================================
void   HandleMenuSelection(CCalc  &calculator, int  menuItem)
{
	double currentValue = 0;
	double prevNum = calculator.GetPreviousValue();
 
	// checks to see which user defined selection the calculator will execute
	// as defined in the enum list located above the main function.
	// A switch would be more practical to be used here, but i wasnt 
	// comfortable yet using switches when this program was initially made
	if (menuItem == ITEM_CLEAR)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is " << calculator.Clear() << endl;
	}
	// set a initial value
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_SET_VALUE)
	{
		cout << "nPlease enter a new value to assign: ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		calculator.SetCurrentValue(currentValue);
	}
	// display current value
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_DISPLAY_VALUE)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// add current number by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_ADD)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a number to be added to "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;	
 
		calculator.Add(currentValue);
		cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" + "<<currentValue<<" = "<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// subtract current number by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_SUBTRACT)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a number to be subtracted from "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
 
		calculator.Subtract(currentValue);
		cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" - "<<currentValue<<" = "
			<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// divide current value by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_DIVIDE)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a divisor to be divided by "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		if (currentValue == 0)
		{
			cout << "nSorry, division by zero is not allowed...nPlease press ENTER to continue...";
			cin.get();
		}
		else
		{
			calculator.Divide(currentValue);
			cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" "<<char(246)<<" "<<currentValue<<" = "
				<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
		}
	}
	    // multiply current value by another number
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_MULTIPLY)
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a number to be multiplied by "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		
		calculator.Multiply(currentValue);
		cout << "n"<<prevNum<<" x "<<currentValue<<" = "
			<< calculator.DisplayCurrentValue() <<endl;
	}
	// convert value to decimal percent
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_PERCENT) 
	{
		cout << "nThe current value is: "<< prevNum <<endl;
		cout << "nPlease enter a percentage to be deducted from "<<prevNum<<": ";
		cin >> currentValue;
		
		cout << "n"<<currentValue<<"% off of "<<prevNum<<" is "
			<< calculator.GetPercentage(currentValue) <<endl;
	}
	// quit program
	else if (menuItem == ITEM_QUIT) 
	{
		cout << "nCalculator will now quit";
	}
	// user entered an invalid choice
	else
	{
		cout << "nYou have entered an invalid command...nPlease press ENTER to try again.";
	}
}  // http://programmingnotes.org/

======== File #2 CCalc.h. ========

Remember, you need to name the header file the same as the #include from the main.cpp file. This file contains the function declarations, but no implementation of those functions takes place here.





		
		
			File #2 - CCalc.h
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
// File: CCalc.h
// ============================================================================
// This is the header file for the CCalc class.
// ============================================================================

#ifndef CCALC_HEADER
#define CCALC_HEADER

// a typedef statement to create a synonym for 
// the 'double' data type named "CCalcType"
typedef	double CCalcType;

class   CCalc    // this is the 'CCalc' class declaration
{
public:
    // constructor
    CCalc(); // initializes variables

    // member functions
    void        Add(CCalcType  value); // adds numbers together
    CCalcType   Clear();  // clears the current number in the calculator
    void        Divide(CCalcType  value); // divides numbers together
    CCalcType   DisplayCurrentValue(); // displays the current value in the calculator
    CCalcType   GetPreviousValue(); // returns the previous value in the calculator
    CCalcType   GetPercentage(CCalcType  value); // deducts a user specified percentage of a given value
    void        Multiply(CCalcType  value); // multiplies numbers together
    void        SetCurrentValue(CCalcType  value); // set a current value in the calculator
    void        Subtract(CCalcType  value); // subtracts two numbers together

     // destructor
     ~CCalc();  // deletes any variables contained in the class

private:
    CCalcType   m_total; // private variable used within the program
};
#endif  // CCALC_HEADER -- http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
// File: CCalc.h
// ============================================================================
// This is the header file for the CCalc class.
// ============================================================================
 
#ifndef CCALC_HEADER
#define CCALC_HEADER
 
// a typedef statement to create a synonym for 
// the 'double' data type named "CCalcType"
typedef	double CCalcType;
 
class   CCalc    // this is the 'CCalc' class declaration
{
public:
    // constructor
    CCalc(); // initializes variables
 
    // member functions
    void        Add(CCalcType  value); // adds numbers together
    CCalcType   Clear();  // clears the current number in the calculator
    void        Divide(CCalcType  value); // divides numbers together
    CCalcType   DisplayCurrentValue(); // displays the current value in the calculator
    CCalcType   GetPreviousValue(); // returns the previous value in the calculator
    CCalcType   GetPercentage(CCalcType  value); // deducts a user specified percentage of a given value
    void        Multiply(CCalcType  value); // multiplies numbers together
    void        SetCurrentValue(CCalcType  value); // set a current value in the calculator
    void        Subtract(CCalcType  value); // subtracts two numbers together
 
     // destructor
     ~CCalc();  // deletes any variables contained in the class
 
private:
    CCalcType   m_total; // private variable used within the program
};
#endif  // CCALC_HEADER -- http://programmingnotes.org/

======== File #3 CCalc.cpp. ========

This is the function implementation file for the CCalc.h class. This file can be named anything you wish as long as you #include “CCalc.h”





		
		
			File #3 - CCalc.cpp
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
// File: CCalc.cpp
// ============================================================================
// This is the function implementation file for the CCalc.h class.
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include "CCalc.h"
using namespace std;

CCalc::CCalc() // this is the constructor
{
	m_total = 0;
}// end of CCalc

void CCalc::Add(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total += value;
}// end of Add

CCalcType CCalc::Clear()
{
	m_total = 0;
	return m_total;
}// end of Clear

void CCalc::Divide(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total /= value;
}// end of Divide

CCalcType CCalc::DisplayCurrentValue()
{
	return m_total;
}// end of DisplayCurrentValue

CCalcType CCalc::GetPreviousValue()
{
	return m_total;
}// end of GetPreviousValue

void CCalc::Multiply(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total *= value;
}// end if Multiply

void CCalc::SetCurrentValue(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total = value;
}// end of SetValue

void CCalc::Subtract(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total -= value;
}// end of Subtract

CCalcType CCalc::GetPercentage(CCalcType  value)
{
	CCalcType percent= value/100;
	CCalcType tempTotal = m_total; 

	tempTotal *= percent;
	m_total -= tempTotal;

	return m_total;
}// end of GetPercentage

CCalc::~CCalc() // this is the destructor
{
	m_total = 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
// File: CCalc.cpp
// ============================================================================
// This is the function implementation file for the CCalc.h class.
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include "CCalc.h"
using namespace std;
 
CCalc::CCalc() // this is the constructor
{
	m_total = 0;
}// end of CCalc
 
void CCalc::Add(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total += value;
}// end of Add
 
CCalcType CCalc::Clear()
{
	m_total = 0;
	return m_total;
}// end of Clear
 
void CCalc::Divide(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total /= value;
}// end of Divide
 
CCalcType CCalc::DisplayCurrentValue()
{
	return m_total;
}// end of DisplayCurrentValue
 
CCalcType CCalc::GetPreviousValue()
{
	return m_total;
}// end of GetPreviousValue
 
void CCalc::Multiply(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total *= value;
}// end if Multiply
 
void CCalc::SetCurrentValue(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total = value;
}// end of SetValue
 
void CCalc::Subtract(CCalcType  value)
{
	m_total -= value;
}// end of Subtract
 
CCalcType CCalc::GetPercentage(CCalcType  value)
{
	CCalcType percent= value/100;
	CCalcType tempTotal = m_total; 
 
	tempTotal *= percent;
	m_total -= tempTotal;
 
	return m_total;
}// end of GetPercentage
 
CCalc::~CCalc() // this is the destructor
{
	m_total = 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output

Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit
Please enter a selection: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------ You have entered an invalid command... Please ENTER to try again. ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ Please enter a new value to assign: 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 3 ------------------------------------------------------------ The current value is: 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 4 ------------------------------------------------------------ The current value is: 2 Please enter a number to be added to 2: 2 2 + 2 = 4 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 5 ------------------------------------------------------------ The current value is: 4 Please enter a number to be subtracted from 4: 6 4 - 6 = -2 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 6 ------------------------------------------------------------ The current value is: -2 Please enter a divisor to be divided by -2: -2 -2 ÷ -2 = 1 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 7 ------------------------------------------------------------ The current value is: 1 Please enter a number to be multiplied by 1: 87 1 x 87 = 87 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 8 ------------------------------------------------------------ The current value is: 87 Please enter a percentage to be deducted from 87: 23 23% off of 87 is 66.99 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator Options: 1) Clear Calculator 2) Set Initial Calculator Value 3) Display The Current Value 4) Add 5) Subtract 6) Divide 7) Multiply 8.) Percentage Calculator 9) Quit Please enter a selection: 9 ------------------------------------------------------------ Calculator will now quit ------------------------------------------------------------
Bye....

C++ || Modulus – Celsius To Fahrenheit Conversion Displaying Degrees Divisible By 10 Using Modulus

February 02, 2012 admin No comments

This page will consist of two simple programs which demonstrate the use of the modulus operator (%).

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Modulus Do/While Loop Functions Simple Math - Divisibility Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion

===== FINDING THE DIVISIBILITY OF A NUMBER =====

Take a simple arithmetic problem: what’s left over when you divide an odd number by an even number? The answer may not be easy to compute, but we know that it will most likely result in an answer which has a decimal remainder. How would we determine the divisibility of a number in a programming language like C++? That’s where the modulus operator comes in handy.

To have divisibility means that when you divide the first number by another number, the quotient (answer) is a whole number (i.e – no decimal values). Unlike the division operator, the modulus operator (‘%’), has the ability to give us the remainder of a given mathematical operation that results from performing integer division.

To illustrate this, here is a simple program which prompts the user to enter a number. Once the user enters a number, they are asked to enter in a divisor for the previous number. Using modulus, the program will determine if the second number is divisible by the first number. If the modulus result returns 0, the two numbers are divisible. If the modulus result does not return 0, the two numbers are not divisible. The program will keep re-prompting the user to enter in a correct choice until a correct result is obtained.





		
		
			Is It Divisible?
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	// declare variables
	int base=0;
	int userInput=0;
	double multiple =0;

	// get first number
	cout <<"Please enter a value: ";
	cin >> base;

	// get second number
	cout << "nPlease enter a factor of "<<base<<": ";
	cin >> userInput;

	do{ // loop will keep going until the user enters a correct answer

		// this is the modulus declaration, which will find the 
		// remainder between the 2 numbers
		multiple = base % userInput;

		// if the modulus result returns 0, the 2 numbers
		// are divisible
		if (multiple == 0)
		{
			cout <<"nCorrect! " << base << " is divisible by " << userInput <<endl;
			cout <<"n("<< base << "/" << userInput <<") = "<<(base/userInput)<<endl;
		}

		// if the user entered an incorrect choice, promt an error message
		else
		{
			cout << "nIncorrect, " << base <<" is not divisible by "
				<< userInput <<".nPlease enter a new multiple integer for that value: ";
			cin >> userInput;
		}
	}while(multiple != 0);

	// ^ loop stops once user enters correct choice

	return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
	// declare variables
	int base=0;
	int userInput=0;
	double multiple =0;
 
	// get first number
	cout <<"Please enter a value: ";
	cin >> base;
 
	// get second number
	cout << "nPlease enter a factor of "<<base<<": ";
	cin >> userInput;
 
	do{ // loop will keep going until the user enters a correct answer
 
		// this is the modulus declaration, which will find the 
		// remainder between the 2 numbers
		multiple = base % userInput;
 
		// if the modulus result returns 0, the 2 numbers
		// are divisible
		if (multiple == 0)
		{
			cout <<"nCorrect! " << base << " is divisible by " << userInput <<endl;
			cout <<"n("<< base << "/" << userInput <<") = "<<(base/userInput)<<endl;
		}
 
		// if the user entered an incorrect choice, promt an error message
		else
		{
			cout << "nIncorrect, " << base <<" is not divisible by "
				<< userInput <<".nPlease enter a new multiple integer for that value: ";
			cin >> userInput;
		}
	}while(multiple != 0);
 
	// ^ loop stops once user enters correct choice
 
	return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

The above program determines if number ‘A’ is divisible be number ‘B’ via modulus. Unlike the division operator, which does not return the remainder of a number, the modulus operator does, thus we are able to find divisibility between two numbers.

To demonstrate the above code, here is a sample run:

Please enter a value: 21 Please enter a factor of 21: 5
Incorrect, 21 is not divisible by 5. Please enter a new multiple integer for that value: 7
Correct! 21 is divisible by 7 (21/7) = 3

===== CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT CONVERSION =====

Now that we understand how modulus works, the second program shouldn’t be too difficult. This function first prompts the user to enter in an initial (low) value. After the program obtains the low value from the user, the program will ask for another (high) value. After it obtains the needed information, it displays all the degrees, from the range of the low number to the high number, which are divisible by 10. So if the user enters a low value of 3 and a high value of 303, the program will display all of the Celsius to Fahrenheit degrees within that range which are divisible by 10.





		
		
			Celsius To Fahrenheit Conversion
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// function prototype
double ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(int degree);

int main()
{
	// declare variables
	int low=0;
	int high=0;
	double degreeFahrenhiet =0;
	double multiple =0;

	// get data from user
	cout << "Enter a low number: ";
	cin >> low;

	cout << "nEnter a high number: ";
	cin >> high;
	
	// displays data back to user in table form
	cout <<"nCelsius Fahrenheit:n";
	cout << low << "t" << ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(low)<<endl;
	++low;

	// this loop displays all the degrees that are divisible by 10
	do{ 
		// this converts the current number from celsius to fahrenhiet
		degreeFahrenhiet = ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(low);

		// this is the modulus operation which finds the 
		// numbers which are divisible by 10
		multiple = low % 10;		

		// the program will only display the degrees to the user via
		// cout which are divisible by 10
		if(multiple ==0)
		{
			cout << low << "t" << degreeFahrenhiet<<endl;
		}
		
		// this increments the current degree number by 1
		++low;
	}while(low < high);
	// ^ loop stops once the 'low' variable reaches the 'high' variable

	// displays the 'high' converted degrees to the user
	cout << high << "t" << ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(high)<<endl;

	return 0;
}// end of main

// function declaration which returns the converted celsius to fahrenhiet value
double ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(int degree)
{
	return ((1.8 * degree) + 32.0);
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// function prototype
double ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(int degree);
 
int main()
{
	// declare variables
	int low=0;
	int high=0;
	double degreeFahrenhiet =0;
	double multiple =0;
 
	// get data from user
	cout << "Enter a low number: ";
	cin >> low;
 
	cout << "nEnter a high number: ";
	cin >> high;
	
	// displays data back to user in table form
	cout <<"nCelsius Fahrenheit:n";
	cout << low << "t" << ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(low)<<endl;
	++low;
 
	// this loop displays all the degrees that are divisible by 10
	do{ 
		// this converts the current number from celsius to fahrenhiet
		degreeFahrenhiet = ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(low);
 
		// this is the modulus operation which finds the 
		// numbers which are divisible by 10
		multiple = low % 10;		
 
		// the program will only display the degrees to the user via
		// cout which are divisible by 10
		if(multiple ==0)
		{
			cout << low << "t" << degreeFahrenhiet<<endl;
		}
		
		// this increments the current degree number by 1
		++low;
	}while(low < high);
	// ^ loop stops once the 'low' variable reaches the 'high' variable
 
	// displays the 'high' converted degrees to the user
	cout << high << "t" << ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(high)<<endl;
 
	return 0;
}// end of main
 
// function declaration which returns the converted celsius to fahrenhiet value
double ConvertCelsiusToFahrenheit(int degree)
{
	return ((1.8 * degree) + 32.0);
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output

Enter a low number: 3 Enter a high number: 303
Celsius Fahrenheit: 3..........37.4 10.........50 20.........68 30.........86 40........104 50........122 60........140 70........158 80........176 90........194 100.......212 110.......230 120.......248 130.......266 140.......284 150.......302 160.......320 170.......338 180.......356 190.......374 200.......392 210.......410 220.......428 230.......446 240.......464 250.......482 260.......500 270.......518 280.......536 290.......554 300.......572 303.......577.4

C++ || Input/Output – Using An Array, Sort Names From a Text File & Save The Sorted Names To A New Text File

February 01, 2012 admin No comments

Since we previously discussed how to sort numbers which is contained in an integer array, it is only fitting that we display a program which sorts characters that are stored in a character array.

This is an interactive program which first displays a menu to the user, allowing them to choose from 6 different modes of operation. The 6 options are described as followed:

R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit

From the available choices, the user has the option of reading in names from a file, manually entering in names themselves, displaying the current names in the array, sorting the current names in the array, clearing the current names in the array, and finally quitting the program. When the user chooses to quit the program, whatever data which is currently stored within the array will automatically be saved to the output text file.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Fstream Ifstream Ofstream Character Arrays 2D Arrays Working With Files Pass By Reference While Loops For Loops Bubble Sort Functions Switch Statements Boolean Expressions Toupper Strcpy Strcmp

The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

Note: In order to read in the data .txt file, you need to save the .txt file in the same directory (or folder) as your .cpp file is saved in. If you are using Visual C++, this directory will be located in

Documents > Visual Studio 2010 > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]

NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib> and #include < cstring> in order for the code to compile.





		
		
			Sorting Names Contained In A Char Array
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

// const variable indicating how many names the array can hold
const int TOTALNAMES = 100;

// function prototypes
void DisplayMenu();
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile);
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void SortArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile);

int main()
{
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
     char names[TOTALNAMES][50];
	char userResponse = 'Q';
     int numberOfNames = 0;

	// display menu to user
	DisplayMenu();
	cin >> userResponse;

	// keep looping thru the menu until the user
	// selects Q (Quit)
	while(toupper(userResponse)!='Q')
	{
		// switch statement indicating the available choices
		// the user has to make
		switch(toupper(userResponse))
		{
		case 'R': 
			numberOfNames = ReadInData(names, infile);
			break;
		case 'E': 
			cout << "nPlease enter the number of names you want to sort: ";
			cin >> numberOfNames;
			GetUserData(names,numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'D': 
			DisplayArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'C': 
			ClearArray(names,numberOfNames);
			numberOfNames=0;
			break;
		case 'S': 
			SortArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'Q':
			break;
		default: cout << "nThe selected option is not apart of the list!nPlease try again..";
			break;
		}
		// creates a line seperator after each task is executed
		cout<<endl;
		cout.fill('-');
          cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 

		// re-display's the menu to the user
		DisplayMenu();
		cin >> userResponse;
	}

	// after the user is finished manipulating the 
	// data, save the names to the output file
	SaveArrayToFile(names, numberOfNames, outfile);

    return 0;
}// end of main

// ============================================================================

// displays options to user
void DisplayMenu()
{
	cout<<"   Welcome to the name sorting program...";
	cout<<"nFrom the following menu, select an option";
	cout<<"nR - Read in names from a file for sorting";
	cout<<"nE - Enter in names manually for sorting";
	cout<<"nD - Display the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nS - Sort the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nC - Clear the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nQ - Quitn";
     cout<<"n>> ";
}// end of DisplayMenu

// ============================================================================

// reads in data from a file
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile)
{
	int numberOfNames=0;
	
	// open input file
	infile.open("INPUT_UNSORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");

	if(infile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Input file could not be found!n"
			<<"Please place the input file in the correct directory..";
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nReading in data from the file...";
		while(infile.good())
		{
			infile >> names[numberOfNames];
			++numberOfNames;
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
	infile.close(); // close the infile once we are done using it
	return numberOfNames;
}// end of ReadInData

// ============================================================================

// gets data from user (names) for direct input
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames)
{
    cout << "nPlease enter "<<numberOfNames<<" names" << endl;

	for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
	{
		cout<<"nName #"<<index+1<<": ";
		cin >> names[index];
    }
}// end of GetUserData

// ============================================================================

// clears the data contained in the array
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<"nDeleting the data contained in the array...";
		for(int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			strcpy(names[index],"");
		}
		cout << "nClearing Complete!";
	}
}// end of ClearArray

// ============================================================================

// sorts the array via 'bubble sort'
void SortArray(char names[][50],int numNames)
{
	bool sorted = false;
	char temp[50];
	
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nSorting the names contained in the array...";
		// this is the 'bubble sort' and will execute only
		// if there is more than 1 name contained within the array
		// If there is only one name contained in the array, 
		// there is no need to sort anything
		while((sorted == false) && (numNames > 1))
		{
			sorted = true;
			for (int index=0; index < numNames-1; ++index)
			{
				if (strcmp(names[index], names[index+1]) > 0)
				{
					strcpy(temp,names[index]);
					strcpy(names[index], names[index+1]);
					strcpy(names[index+1], temp);
					sorted = false;
				}
			}
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
}// end of SortArray

// ============================================================================

// saves the current data which is in the arrya to the output file
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile)
{
	// open output file
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_SORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");

	if(outfile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Error creating output file!";
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		if(numberOfNames==0)
		{
			cout<<"nThe array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
			outfile<<"The array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"nSaving the current contents of the array to the ouptut file..";
			outfile<<"Sorted items which were contained within the array..n";
			for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
			{
				outfile <<"Name #"<<index+1<<": "
					<< names[index]<<endl;
			}
			cout << "nSuccess!n";
		}
	}
	outfile.close();
}// end of SaveArrayToFile

// ============================================================================

// displays the current contents of the array to the user
// via cout
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nThe values in the array are:n";
		for (int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			cout << names[index] << endl;
		}
		cout<<"nThere is currently "<<numNames<<" names in the array!n";
	}
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
 
// const variable indicating how many names the array can hold
const int TOTALNAMES = 100;
 
// function prototypes
void DisplayMenu();
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile);
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void SortArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile);
 
int main()
{
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
     char names[TOTALNAMES][50];
	char userResponse = 'Q';
     int numberOfNames = 0;
 
	// display menu to user
	DisplayMenu();
	cin >> userResponse;
 
	// keep looping thru the menu until the user
	// selects Q (Quit)
	while(toupper(userResponse)!='Q')
	{
		// switch statement indicating the available choices
		// the user has to make
		switch(toupper(userResponse))
		{
		case 'R': 
			numberOfNames = ReadInData(names, infile);
			break;
		case 'E': 
			cout << "nPlease enter the number of names you want to sort: ";
			cin >> numberOfNames;
			GetUserData(names,numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'D': 
			DisplayArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'C': 
			ClearArray(names,numberOfNames);
			numberOfNames=0;
			break;
		case 'S': 
			SortArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'Q':
			break;
		default: cout << "nThe selected option is not apart of the list!nPlease try again..";
			break;
		}
		// creates a line seperator after each task is executed
		cout<<endl;
		cout.fill('-');
          cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 
 
		// re-display's the menu to the user
		DisplayMenu();
		cin >> userResponse;
	}
 
	// after the user is finished manipulating the 
	// data, save the names to the output file
	SaveArrayToFile(names, numberOfNames, outfile);
 
    return 0;
}// end of main
 
// ============================================================================
 
// displays options to user
void DisplayMenu()
{
	cout<<"   Welcome to the name sorting program...";
	cout<<"nFrom the following menu, select an option";
	cout<<"nR - Read in names from a file for sorting";
	cout<<"nE - Enter in names manually for sorting";
	cout<<"nD - Display the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nS - Sort the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nC - Clear the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nQ - Quitn";
     cout<<"n>> ";
}// end of DisplayMenu
 
// ============================================================================
 
// reads in data from a file
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile)
{
	int numberOfNames=0;
	
	// open input file
	infile.open("INPUT_UNSORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
 
	if(infile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Input file could not be found!n"
			<<"Please place the input file in the correct directory..";
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nReading in data from the file...";
		while(infile.good())
		{
			infile >> names[numberOfNames];
			++numberOfNames;
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
	infile.close(); // close the infile once we are done using it
	return numberOfNames;
}// end of ReadInData
 
// ============================================================================
 
// gets data from user (names) for direct input
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames)
{
    cout << "nPlease enter "<<numberOfNames<<" names" << endl;
 
	for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
	{
		cout<<"nName #"<<index+1<<": ";
		cin >> names[index];
    }
}// end of GetUserData
 
// ============================================================================
 
// clears the data contained in the array
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<"nDeleting the data contained in the array...";
		for(int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			strcpy(names[index],"");
		}
		cout << "nClearing Complete!";
	}
}// end of ClearArray
 
// ============================================================================
 
// sorts the array via 'bubble sort'
void SortArray(char names[][50],int numNames)
{
	bool sorted = false;
	char temp[50];
	
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nSorting the names contained in the array...";
		// this is the 'bubble sort' and will execute only
		// if there is more than 1 name contained within the array
		// If there is only one name contained in the array, 
		// there is no need to sort anything
		while((sorted == false) && (numNames > 1))
		{
			sorted = true;
			for (int index=0; index < numNames-1; ++index)
			{
				if (strcmp(names[index], names[index+1]) > 0)
				{
					strcpy(temp,names[index]);
					strcpy(names[index], names[index+1]);
					strcpy(names[index+1], temp);
					sorted = false;
				}
			}
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
}// end of SortArray
 
// ============================================================================
 
// saves the current data which is in the arrya to the output file
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile)
{
	// open output file
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_SORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
 
	if(outfile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Error creating output file!";
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		if(numberOfNames==0)
		{
			cout<<"nThe array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
			outfile<<"The array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"nSaving the current contents of the array to the ouptut file..";
			outfile<<"Sorted items which were contained within the array..n";
			for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
			{
				outfile <<"Name #"<<index+1<<": "
					<< names[index]<<endl;
			}
			cout << "nSuccess!n";
		}
	}
	outfile.close();
}// end of SaveArrayToFile
 
// ============================================================================
 
// displays the current contents of the array to the user
// via cout
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nThe values in the array are:n";
		for (int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			cout << names[index] << endl;
		}
		cout<<"nThere is currently "<<numNames<<" names in the array!n";
	}
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output
(Remember to include the input file)

Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit
>> d The array is currently empty! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> q The array contained no names. There was no data to save to the output file... ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> e Please enter the number of names you want to sort: 3 Please enter 3 names Name #1: My Name #2: Programming Name #3: Notes ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: My Programming Notes There is currently 3 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> s Sorting the names contained in the array... Success! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: My Notes Programming There is currently 3 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> c Deleting the data contained in the array... Clearing Complete! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> r Reading in data from the file... Success! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: My Programming Notes C++ Java Assembly Lemon Dark Light Black High Low Cellphone Cat Dog Penguin Japan Peace Love Color White One Brain Eggplant Phalanx Countenance Crayons Ben Dover Eileen Bob Downe Justin Elizebeth Rick Rolled Sam Widge Liza Destruction Grove Aardvark Primal Sushi Victoria Ostrich Zebra Scrumptious Carbohydrate Sulk Ecstatic Acrobat Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis English Kenneth Jessica Pills Pencil Dragon Mint Chocolate Temperature Cheese Rondo Silicon Scabbiest Palpitate Invariable Henpecked Titmouse Canoodle Boobies Pressure Density Cards Twiat Tony Pink Green Yellow Duck Dodge Movie Zoo Xiomara Eggs Marshmallows Umbrella Apple Panda Brush Handle Door Knob Mask Knife Speaker Wood Orient Love There is currently 100 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> s Sorting the names contained in the array... Success! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: Aardvark Acrobat Apple Assembly Ben Black Bob Boobies Brain Brush C++ Canoodle Carbohydrate Cards Cat Cellphone Cheese Chocolate Color Countenance Crayons Dark Density Destruction Dodge Dog Door Dover Downe Dragon Duck Ecstatic Eggplant Eggs Eileen Elizebeth English Green Grove Handle Henpecked High Invariable Japan Java Jessica Justin Kenneth Knife Knob Lemon Light Liza Love Love Low Marshmallows Mask Mint Movie My Notes One Orient Ostrich Palpitate Panda Peace Pencil Penguin Phalanx Pills Pink Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis Pressure Primal Programming Rick Rolled Rondo Sam Scabbiest Scrumptious Silicon Speaker Sulk Sushi Temperature Titmouse Tony Twiat Umbrella Victoria White Widge Wood Xiomara Yellow Zebra Zoo There is currently 100 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> q
Saving the current contents of the array to the ouptut file.. Success!

C++ || Find The Day Of The Week You Were Born Using Functions, String, Modulus, If/Else, & Switch

January 12, 2012 admin No comments

Click Here For Updated Version Of Program

This program displays more practice using functions, modulus, if and switch statements.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Functions Strings Modulus If/Else Statements Switch Statements Knowledge of Leap Years A Calendar

This program prompts the user for their name, date of birth (month, day, year), and then displays information back to them via cout. Once the program obtains selected information from the user, it will use simple math to determine the day of the week in which the user was born, and determine the day of the week their current birthday will be for the current calendar year. The program will also display to the user their current age, along with re-displaying their name back to them.

NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib> in order for the code to compile.





		
		
			When Were You Born?
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// a const variable containing the current year
const int CURRENT_YEAR = 2012;

// function prototypes
string GetNameOfMonth(int numOfMonth);
int GetLastTwoDigits(int fourDigitYear);
string GetDayOfWeek(int numOfMonth, int lastTwoDigits, int numOfDay, int fourDigitYear);

int main ()
{
	// declare variables
	string nameOfMonth = " ", dayOfWeek = " ", userName = " ", dayOfWeekCurrentYear = " " ;
	int numOfMonth=0, numOfDay=0, fourDigitYear=0, lastTwoDigits=0, lastTwoDigitsCurrentYear;
	
	// user inputs data
	cout << "Please enter your name: ";
	cin >> userName;

	cout << "nPlease enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): ";
	cin >> numOfMonth;

	// converts the number the user inputted from above ^ 
	// into a literal month name (i.e month #1 = January)
	nameOfMonth = GetNameOfMonth(numOfMonth);
	
	// user inputs data
	cout << "nPlease enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): ";
	cin >> numOfDay;
	
	// checks to see if user entered valid data 
	if (numOfDay < 1 || numOfDay > 31)
	{
		cout << "nYou have entered an invalid number of day. "
			<< "Please enter a valid number." << endl << endl;
		exit(1);
	}
	
	// user inputs data
	cout << "nPlease enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): ";
	cin >>  fourDigitYear;
	cout << endl << endl;
	
	// checks to see if user entered valid data 
	if (fourDigitYear < 1900 || fourDigitYear > 2099)
	{
		cout << "You have entered an invalid year. "
			<< "Please enter a valid year." << endl << endl;
		exit(1);
	}
	
	// gets the las two digits in which the user was born
	// (i.e 1999: last two digits = 99)
	lastTwoDigits = GetLastTwoDigits(fourDigitYear);

	// gets the las two digits of the current year
	// (i.e 2012: last two digits = 12)
	lastTwoDigitsCurrentYear = GetLastTwoDigits(CURRENT_YEAR);

	// finds the day of the week in which the user was born
	dayOfWeek = GetDayOfWeek(numOfMonth, lastTwoDigits, numOfDay, fourDigitYear);

	// finds the day of the week the users current birthday will be this year
	dayOfWeekCurrentYear = GetDayOfWeek(numOfMonth, lastTwoDigitsCurrentYear, numOfDay, CURRENT_YEAR);
	
	// display data to user
	cout << "Hello " << userName <<". Here are some facts about you!" <<endl;
	cout << "You were born "<< nameOfMonth << numOfDay << " "<< fourDigitYear << endl;
	cout << "Your birth took place on a " << dayOfWeek << endl;
	cout << "This year your birthday will take place on a " << dayOfWeekCurrentYear << endl;
	cout << "You currently are, or will be " << (CURRENT_YEAR - fourDigitYear) << " years old this year!"<<endl;
	
	return 0;
}// end of main

	// converts the number the user inputted from above ^ 
	// into a literal month name (i.e month #1 = January)
string GetNameOfMonth(int numOfMonth)
{
	string nameOfMonth = " ";

	// a switch determining what month the user was born
	switch(numOfMonth)
	{
	case 1:
			nameOfMonth = "January ";
			break;
	case 2:
			nameOfMonth = "February ";
			break;
	case 3:
			nameOfMonth = "March ";
			break;
	case 4:
			nameOfMonth = "April ";
			break;
	case 5:
			nameOfMonth = "May ";
			break;
	case 6:
			nameOfMonth = "June ";
			break;
	case 7: 
			nameOfMonth = "July ";
			break;
	case 8:
			nameOfMonth = "August ";
			break;
	case 9:
			nameOfMonth = "September ";
			break;
	case 10:
			nameOfMonth = "October ";
			break;
	case 11:
			nameOfMonth = "November ";
			break;
	case 12:
			nameOfMonth = "December ";
			break;
	default:
			cout << "You have entered an invalid number of month. nPlease enter a valid number.n"
				<< "Program Terminating..";
			exit(1);
			break;
	}// end of switch

	return nameOfMonth ;
}// end of GetNamOfMonth

	// gets the las two digits in which the user was born/current year
int GetLastTwoDigits(int fourDigitYear)
{
	if (fourDigitYear >= 1900 && fourDigitYear <= 1999)
	{ 
		return (fourDigitYear - 1900);
	}
	
	else
	{
		return (fourDigitYear - 2000);
	}
}// end of GetLastTwoDigits

	// finds the day of the week in which the user was born/current year
string GetDayOfWeek(int numOfMonth, int lastTwoDigits, int numOfDay, int fourDigitYear)
{
	string dayOfWeek = " ";
	int Total = 0, valueOfMonth = 0;

	if (numOfMonth == 1)
                valueOfMonth = 1;
	else if (numOfMonth == 2)
                valueOfMonth = 4;
	else if (numOfMonth == 3)
                valueOfMonth = 4;
	else if (numOfMonth == 4)
                valueOfMonth = 0;
	else if (numOfMonth == 5)
                valueOfMonth = 2;
	else if (numOfMonth == 6)
                valueOfMonth = 5;
	else if (numOfMonth == 7)
                valueOfMonth = 0;
	else if (numOfMonth == 8)
                valueOfMonth = 3;
	else if (numOfMonth == 9)
                valueOfMonth = 6;
	else if (numOfMonth == 10)
                valueOfMonth = 1;
	else if (numOfMonth == 11)
                valueOfMonth = 4;
	else if (numOfMonth == 12)
                valueOfMonth = 6;
	else
		cout <<"nError";
	
	Total = lastTwoDigits / 4;
	Total += lastTwoDigits;
	Total += numOfDay;
	Total += valueOfMonth;
	
	// uses the 'Total' variable from above to determine the day 
	// of the week in which you were born
	if ((fourDigitYear > 2000)&&((numOfMonth != 1)&&(numOfMonth != 2))&&(fourDigitYear != 2004))
	{ 
		Total = Total + 6;
	}
	else  if ((fourDigitYear < 2000) && ((numOfMonth == 1) || (numOfMonth == 2)))
	{ 
		Total = Total + 7;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear == 2000) && ((numOfMonth == 1) || (numOfMonth == 2)))
	{
		Total = Total -2;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear == 2004||fourDigitYear == 2000)&&((numOfMonth != 1)&&(numOfMonth != 2)))
	{
		Total = Total -1;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear % 4 == 0) && (fourDigitYear % 100 == lastTwoDigits) && (fourDigitYear % 400 == lastTwoDigits))
	{
		Total = Total-2;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear > 2000)&&((numOfMonth == 1)||(numOfMonth == 2))&&(fourDigitYear != 2004))
	{
		Total = Total + 6;
	}

	// uses the 'Total' variable from above to determine the day 
	// of the week in which you were born/when you birthday will be this year
	if (Total % 7 == 1)
                dayOfWeek = "Sunday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 2)
                dayOfWeek = "Monday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 3)
                dayOfWeek = "Tuesday";
	else  if (Total % 7 == 4)
                dayOfWeek = "Wednesday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 5)
                dayOfWeek = "Thursday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 6)
                dayOfWeek = "Friday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 0)
                dayOfWeek = "Saturday";
	else
		cout<< "nError";

	return dayOfWeek;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
 
// a const variable containing the current year
const int CURRENT_YEAR = 2012;
 
// function prototypes
string GetNameOfMonth(int numOfMonth);
int GetLastTwoDigits(int fourDigitYear);
string GetDayOfWeek(int numOfMonth, int lastTwoDigits, int numOfDay, int fourDigitYear);
 
int main ()
{
	// declare variables
	string nameOfMonth = " ", dayOfWeek = " ", userName = " ", dayOfWeekCurrentYear = " " ;
	int numOfMonth=0, numOfDay=0, fourDigitYear=0, lastTwoDigits=0, lastTwoDigitsCurrentYear;
	
	// user inputs data
	cout << "Please enter your name: ";
	cin >> userName;
 
	cout << "nPlease enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): ";
	cin >> numOfMonth;
 
	// converts the number the user inputted from above ^ 
	// into a literal month name (i.e month #1 = January)
	nameOfMonth = GetNameOfMonth(numOfMonth);
	
	// user inputs data
	cout << "nPlease enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): ";
	cin >> numOfDay;
	
	// checks to see if user entered valid data 
	if (numOfDay < 1 || numOfDay > 31)
	{
		cout << "nYou have entered an invalid number of day. "
			<< "Please enter a valid number." << endl << endl;
		exit(1);
	}
	
	// user inputs data
	cout << "nPlease enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): ";
	cin >>  fourDigitYear;
	cout << endl << endl;
	
	// checks to see if user entered valid data 
	if (fourDigitYear < 1900 || fourDigitYear > 2099)
	{
		cout << "You have entered an invalid year. "
			<< "Please enter a valid year." << endl << endl;
		exit(1);
	}
	
	// gets the las two digits in which the user was born
	// (i.e 1999: last two digits = 99)
	lastTwoDigits = GetLastTwoDigits(fourDigitYear);
 
	// gets the las two digits of the current year
	// (i.e 2012: last two digits = 12)
	lastTwoDigitsCurrentYear = GetLastTwoDigits(CURRENT_YEAR);
 
	// finds the day of the week in which the user was born
	dayOfWeek = GetDayOfWeek(numOfMonth, lastTwoDigits, numOfDay, fourDigitYear);
 
	// finds the day of the week the users current birthday will be this year
	dayOfWeekCurrentYear = GetDayOfWeek(numOfMonth, lastTwoDigitsCurrentYear, numOfDay, CURRENT_YEAR);
	
	// display data to user
	cout << "Hello " << userName <<". Here are some facts about you!" <<endl;
	cout << "You were born "<< nameOfMonth << numOfDay << " "<< fourDigitYear << endl;
	cout << "Your birth took place on a " << dayOfWeek << endl;
	cout << "This year your birthday will take place on a " << dayOfWeekCurrentYear << endl;
	cout << "You currently are, or will be " << (CURRENT_YEAR - fourDigitYear) << " years old this year!"<<endl;
	
	return 0;
}// end of main
 
	// converts the number the user inputted from above ^ 
	// into a literal month name (i.e month #1 = January)
string GetNameOfMonth(int numOfMonth)
{
	string nameOfMonth = " ";
 
	// a switch determining what month the user was born
	switch(numOfMonth)
	{
	case 1:
			nameOfMonth = "January ";
			break;
	case 2:
			nameOfMonth = "February ";
			break;
	case 3:
			nameOfMonth = "March ";
			break;
	case 4:
			nameOfMonth = "April ";
			break;
	case 5:
			nameOfMonth = "May ";
			break;
	case 6:
			nameOfMonth = "June ";
			break;
	case 7: 
			nameOfMonth = "July ";
			break;
	case 8:
			nameOfMonth = "August ";
			break;
	case 9:
			nameOfMonth = "September ";
			break;
	case 10:
			nameOfMonth = "October ";
			break;
	case 11:
			nameOfMonth = "November ";
			break;
	case 12:
			nameOfMonth = "December ";
			break;
	default:
			cout << "You have entered an invalid number of month. nPlease enter a valid number.n"
				<< "Program Terminating..";
			exit(1);
			break;
	}// end of switch
 
	return nameOfMonth ;
}// end of GetNamOfMonth
 
	// gets the las two digits in which the user was born/current year
int GetLastTwoDigits(int fourDigitYear)
{
	if (fourDigitYear >= 1900 && fourDigitYear <= 1999)
	{ 
		return (fourDigitYear - 1900);
	}
	
	else
	{
		return (fourDigitYear - 2000);
	}
}// end of GetLastTwoDigits
 
	// finds the day of the week in which the user was born/current year
string GetDayOfWeek(int numOfMonth, int lastTwoDigits, int numOfDay, int fourDigitYear)
{
	string dayOfWeek = " ";
	int Total = 0, valueOfMonth = 0;
 
	if (numOfMonth == 1)
                valueOfMonth = 1;
	else if (numOfMonth == 2)
                valueOfMonth = 4;
	else if (numOfMonth == 3)
                valueOfMonth = 4;
	else if (numOfMonth == 4)
                valueOfMonth = 0;
	else if (numOfMonth == 5)
                valueOfMonth = 2;
	else if (numOfMonth == 6)
                valueOfMonth = 5;
	else if (numOfMonth == 7)
                valueOfMonth = 0;
	else if (numOfMonth == 8)
                valueOfMonth = 3;
	else if (numOfMonth == 9)
                valueOfMonth = 6;
	else if (numOfMonth == 10)
                valueOfMonth = 1;
	else if (numOfMonth == 11)
                valueOfMonth = 4;
	else if (numOfMonth == 12)
                valueOfMonth = 6;
	else
		cout <<"nError";
	
	Total = lastTwoDigits / 4;
	Total += lastTwoDigits;
	Total += numOfDay;
	Total += valueOfMonth;
	
	// uses the 'Total' variable from above to determine the day 
	// of the week in which you were born
	if ((fourDigitYear > 2000)&&((numOfMonth != 1)&&(numOfMonth != 2))&&(fourDigitYear != 2004))
	{ 
		Total = Total + 6;
	}
	else  if ((fourDigitYear < 2000) && ((numOfMonth == 1) || (numOfMonth == 2)))
	{ 
		Total = Total + 7;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear == 2000) && ((numOfMonth == 1) || (numOfMonth == 2)))
	{
		Total = Total -2;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear == 2004||fourDigitYear == 2000)&&((numOfMonth != 1)&&(numOfMonth != 2)))
	{
		Total = Total -1;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear % 4 == 0) && (fourDigitYear % 100 == lastTwoDigits) && (fourDigitYear % 400 == lastTwoDigits))
	{
		Total = Total-2;
	}
	else if ((fourDigitYear > 2000)&&((numOfMonth == 1)||(numOfMonth == 2))&&(fourDigitYear != 2004))
	{
		Total = Total + 6;
	}
 
	// uses the 'Total' variable from above to determine the day 
	// of the week in which you were born/when you birthday will be this year
	if (Total % 7 == 1)
                dayOfWeek = "Sunday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 2)
                dayOfWeek = "Monday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 3)
                dayOfWeek = "Tuesday";
	else  if (Total % 7 == 4)
                dayOfWeek = "Wednesday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 5)
                dayOfWeek = "Thursday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 6)
                dayOfWeek = "Friday";
	else if (Total % 7 == 0)
                dayOfWeek = "Saturday";
	else
		cout<< "nError";
 
	return dayOfWeek;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output:
Note: The code was compiled five separate times to display the different outputs its able to produce

Please enter your name: MyProgrammingNotes Please enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): 1 Please enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): 1 Please enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): 2012
Hello MyProgrammingNotes. Here are some facts about you! You were born January 1 2012 Your birth took place on a Sunday This year your birthday will take place on a Sunday You currently are, or will be 0 years old this year! --------------------------------------------------------------------- Please enter your name: Name Please enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): 4 Please enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): 2 Please enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): 1957 Hello Name. Here are some facts about you! You were born April 2 1957 Your birth took place on a Tuesday This year your birthday will take place on a Monday You currently are, or will be 55 years old this year! --------------------------------------------------------------------- Please enter your name: Name Please enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): 5 Please enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): 7 Please enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): 1999 Hello Name. Here are some facts about you! You were born May 7 1999 Your birth took place on a Friday This year your birthday will take place on a Monday You currently are, or will be 13 years old this year! --------------------------------------------------------------------- Please enter your name: Name Please enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): 8 Please enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): 4 Please enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): 1983 Hello Name. Here are some facts about you! You were born August 4 1983 Your birth took place on a Thursday This year your birthday will take place on a Saturday You currently are, or will be 29 years old this year! --------------------------------------------------------------------- Please enter your name: Name Please enter the month in which you were born (between 1 and 12): 6 Please enter the day you were born (between 1 and 31): 7 Please enter the year you were born (between 1900 and 2099): 2987 You have entered an invalid year. Please enter a valid year. Press any key to continue . . .

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