Tag Archives: UPPERCASE
Python || Count The Total Number Of Characters, Vowels, & UPPERCASE Letters Contained In A Sentence Using A ‘For Loop’
Here is a simple program, which demonstrates more practice using the input/output mechanisms which are available in Python.
This program will prompt the user to enter a sentence, and then display the total number of uppercase letters, vowels and characters contained within that sentence. This program is very similar to an earlier project, this time, utilizing a for loop.
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def main(): # declare variables numUpperCase = 0 numVowel = 0 numChars = 0 sentence = "" # get data from user sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ") # use a for loop, iterating over each item in the sentence for character in sentence: # do nothing, we dont care about whitespace if(character == ' '): continue # check to see if entered data is UPPERCASE if((character >= 'A') and (character <= 'Z')): numUpperCase += 1 # increment total number of uppercase by one # check to see if entered data is a vowel if((character == 'a')or(character == 'A')or(character == 'e')or (character == 'E')or(character == 'i')or(character == 'I')or (character == 'o')or(character == 'O')or(character == 'u')or (character == 'U')or(character == 'y')or(character == 'Y')): numVowel += 1 # increment Total number of vowels by one numChars += 1 # increment total number of chars being read # display data print("nTotal number of UPPERCASE letters: t%d" %(numUpperCase)) print("Total number of vowels: tt%d" %(numVowel)) print("Total number of characters: tt%d" %(numChars)) if __name__ == "__main__": main() # http://programmingnotes.org/ |
QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted portions are areas of interest.
Notice line 12 contains the for loop declaration. Note that each statement within the for loop block must be uniformly indented, otherwise the code will fail to compile.
Once compiling the above code, you should receive this as your output
Enter a sentence: My Programming Notes Is Awesome.Total number of UPPERCASE letters: 5
Total number of vowels: 11
Total number of characters: 28
Java || Using If Statements, Char & String Variables
As previously mentioned, you can use the “int/float/double” data type to store numbers. But what if you want to store letters? Char and Strings help you do that.
===== SINGLE CHAR =====
This example will demonstrate a simple program using char, which checks to see if you entered the correctly predefined letter.
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// ============================================================================ // Author: Kenneth Perkins // Date: Jan 4, 2012 // Updated: Mar 30, 2021 // Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/ // File: GuessALetter.java // Description: Demonstrates using char variables // ============================================================================ import java.util.Scanner; public class GuessALetter { // global variable declaration static Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in); public static void main(String[] args) { // declare variables char userInput = ' '; System.out.print("Please try to guess the letter I am thinking of: "); // get a single character from the user data input userInput = cin.next().charAt(0); // Use an If Statement to check equality if (userInput == 'a' || userInput == 'A') { System.out.println("You have Guessed correctly!"); } else { System.out.println("Sorry, that was not the correct letter I was thinking of"); } }// end main }// http://programmingnotes.org/ |
Notice in line 19 I declare the char data type, naming it “userInput.” I also initialized it as an empty variable. In line 26 I used an “If/Else Statement” to determine if the user inputted value matches the predefined letter within the program. I also used the “OR” operator in line 26 to determine if the letter the user inputted was lower or uppercase. Try compiling the program simply using this
if (userInput == 'a') as your if statement, and notice the difference.
The resulting code should give this as output
Please try to guess the letter I am thinking of: A
You have Guessed correctly!
===== CHECK IF LETTER IS UPPER CASE =====
This example is similar to the previous one, and will check if a letter is uppercase
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// ============================================================================ // Author: Kenneth Perkins // Date: Jan 4, 2012 // Updated: Mar 30, 2021 // Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/ // File: CheckIfUppercase.java // Description: Demonstrates checking if a char variable is uppercase // ============================================================================ import java.util.Scanner; public class CheckIfUppercase { // global variable declaration static Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in); public static void main(String[] args) { // declare variables char userInput = ' '; System.out.print("Please enter an UPPERCASE letter: "); // get a single character from the user data input userInput = cin.next().charAt(0); // Checks to see if inputted data falls between uppercase values if ((userInput >= 'A') && (userInput <= 'Z')) { System.out.println(userInput + " is an uppercase letter"); } else { System.out.println(userInput + " is not an uppercase letter"); } }// end main }// http://programmingnotes.org/ |
Notice in line 26, an If statement was used, which checked to see if the user inputted data fell between letter A and letter Z. We did that by using the “AND” operator. So that IF statement is basically saying (in plain english)
IF ('userInput' is equal to or greater than 'A') AND ('userInput' is equal to or less than 'Z')THEN it is an uppercase letter
The resulting code should give this as output
Please enter an UPPERCASE letter: p
p is not an uppercase letter
===== CHECK IF LETTER IS A VOWEL =====
This example will utilize more if statements, checking to see if the user inputted data is a vowel or not. This will be very similar to the previous example, utilizing the OR operator once again.
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// ============================================================================ // Author: Kenneth Perkins // Date: Jan 4, 2012 // Updated: Mar 30, 2021 // Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/ // File: CheckIfVowel.java // Description: Demonstrates checking if a char variable is a vowel // ============================================================================ import java.util.Scanner; public class CheckIfVowel { // global variable declaration static Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in); public static void main(String[] args) { // declare variables char userInput = ' '; System.out.print("Please enter a vowel: "); // get a single character from the user data input userInput = cin.next().charAt(0); // Checks to see if entered data is A,E,I,O,U,Y if ((userInput == 'a')||(userInput == 'A')||(userInput == 'e')|| (userInput == 'E')||(userInput == 'i')||(userInput == 'I')|| (userInput == 'o')||(userInput == 'O')||(userInput == 'u')|| (userInput == 'U')||(userInput == 'y')||(userInput == 'Y')) { System.out.println("Correct, " + userInput + " is a vowel!"); } else { System.out.println("Sorry, " + userInput + " is not a vowel"); } }// end main }// http://programmingnotes.org/ |
This program should be very straight forward, and its basically checking to see if the user entered data is the letter A, E, I, O, U or Y.
The resulting code should give the following output
Please enter a vowel: o
Correct, o is a vowel!
===== HELLO WORLD v2 =====
This last example will demonstrate using the string data type to print the line “Hello World!” to the screen.
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// ============================================================================ // Author: Kenneth Perkins // Date: Jan 4, 2012 // Updated: Mar 30, 2021 // Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/ // File: HelloWorldString.java // Description: Demonstrates using string variables // ============================================================================ import java.util.Scanner; public class HelloWorldString { // global variable declaration static Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in); public static void main(String[] args) { // declare variables String userInput = ""; System.out.print("Please enter a sentence: "); // get a string from the user userInput = cin.nextLine(); // display message to user System.out.println("You entered: " + userInput); }// end main }// http://programmingnotes.org/ |
The resulting code should give following output
Please enter a sentence: Hello World!
You entered: Hello World!
===== HOW TO COMPILE CODE USING THE TERMINAL =====
*** This can be achieved by typing the following command:
(Notice the .java source file is named exactly the same as the class header)
javac YOUR_CLASS_NAME.java
*** To run the compiled program, simply type this command:
java YOUR_CLASS_NAME
C++ || Char Array – Convert Text Contained In A Character Array From Lower To UPPERCASE
This program demonstrates how to switch text which is contained in a char array from lower to UPPERCASE. This program also demonstrates how to convert all of the text contained in a char array to lower/UPPERCASE.
REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM
Character Arrays
Cin.getline
Islower
Isupper
Tolower
Toupper
Strlen
While Loops
For Loops
Constant Variables
Setw
Using a constant integer value, this program first asks the user to enter in 3 lines of text they wish to convert from lower to UPPERCASE. Upon obtaining the information from the user, the program then converts all the text which was placed into the character array from lower to uppercase in the following order:
(1) Switches the text from lower to UPPERCASE
(2) Converts all the text to UPPERCASE
(3) Converts all the text to lowercase
After each conversion is complete, the program displays the updated information to the screen via cout.
NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib>, #include < cctype>, and #include < cstring> in order for the code to compile.
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#include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; // constant value const int NUM_NAMES = 3; // function prototype void ConvertLowerToUpper(char names[][30]); void ConvertAllToUpper(char names[][30]); void ConvertAllToLower(char names[][30]); int main() { // declare variable // this is a 2-D char array, which by default, has // the ability to hold 3 names, each 30 characters long char names[NUM_NAMES][30]; // get data from user cout << "Please enter "<<NUM_NAMES<<" line(s) of text you wish to convert from lower to UPPERCASE:nt"; for(int index=0; index < NUM_NAMES; ++index) { cout<<"#"<< index+1 <<": "; cin.getline(names[index],30); cout<< "t"; } // create a line seperator cout<<endl; cout.fill('-'); cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; // re-display the input to the screen cout << "nThis is what you entered into the system:nt"; for(int index=0; index < NUM_NAMES; ++index) { cout<<"Text #"<< index+1 <<": "<<names[index]<<endl; cout<< "t"; } // create a line seperator cout<<endl; cout.fill('-'); cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; // display the switched lower to UPPERCASE text to the user cout << "nThis is the information switched from lower to UPPERCASE:nt"; // function declaration ConvertLowerToUpper(names); for(int index=0; index < NUM_NAMES; ++index) { cout<<"Text #"<< index+1 <<": "<<names[index]<<endl; cout<< "t"; } // create a line seperator cout<<endl; cout.fill('-'); cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; // display the 'all UPPERCASE' converted text to the user cout << "nThis is the information converted to all UPPERCASE:nt"; // function declaration ConvertAllToUpper(names); for(int index=0; index < NUM_NAMES; ++index) { cout<<"Text #"<< index+1 <<": "<<names[index]<<endl; cout<< "t"; } // create a line seperator cout<<endl; cout.fill('-'); cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; // display the 'all lowercase' converted text to the user cout << "nThis is the information converted to all lowercase:nt"; // function declaration ConvertAllToLower(names); for(int index=0; index < NUM_NAMES; ++index) { cout<<"Text #"<< index+1 <<": "<<names[index]<<endl; cout<< "t"; } return 0; }// end of main void ConvertLowerToUpper(char names[][30]) { int index=0; // increment thru the current char array index while(index < NUM_NAMES) { // increment thru each letter within the current char array index for(int currentChar=0; currentChar < strlen(names[index]); ++currentChar) { // checks each letter in the current array index // to see if its lower or UPPERCASE // if its lowercase, change to UPPERCASE if (islower(names[index][currentChar])) { names[index][currentChar] = toupper(names[index][currentChar]); } else // if its UPPERCASE, change to lowercase { names[index][currentChar] = tolower(names[index][currentChar]); } } ++index; } }// end of ConvertLowerToUpper void ConvertAllToUpper(char names[][30]) { int index=0; // increment thru the current char array index while(index < NUM_NAMES) { // increment thru each letter within the current char array index for(int currentChar=0; currentChar < strlen(names[index]); ++currentChar) { // checks each letter in the current array index // to see if its lower or UPPERCASE // if its lowercase, change to UPPERCASE if (islower(names[index][currentChar])) { names[index][currentChar] = toupper(names[index][currentChar]); } } ++index; } }// end of ConvertAllToUpper void ConvertAllToLower(char names[][30]) { int index=0; // increment thru the current char array index while(index < NUM_NAMES) { // increment thru each letter within the current char array index for(int currentChar=0; currentChar < strlen(names[index]); ++currentChar) { // checks each letter in the current array index // to see if its lower or UPPERCASE // if its UPPERCASE, change to lowercase if (isupper(names[index][currentChar])) { names[index][currentChar] = tolower(names[index][currentChar]); } } ++index; } }// http://programmingnotes.org/ |
QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.
Click here to see how cin.getline works.
The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.
Once compiled, you should get this as your output
Please enter 3 line(s) of text you wish to convert from lower to UPPERCASE:
#1: I StriKe hiM a heAVy bloW.
#2: When cAn the neRve ShinE?
#3: My Programming Notes.------------------------------------------------------------
This is what you entered into the system:
Text #1: I StriKe hiM a heAVy bloW.
Text #2: When cAn the neRve ShinE?
Text #3: My Programming Notes.------------------------------------------------------------
This is the information switched from lower to UPPERCASE:
Text #1: i sTRIkE HIm A HEavY BLOw.
Text #2: wHEN CaN THE NErVE sHINe?
Text #3: mY pROGRAMMING nOTES.------------------------------------------------------------
This is the information converted to all UPPERCASE:
Text #1: I STRIKE HIM A HEAVY BLOW.
Text #2: WHEN CAN THE NERVE SHINE?
Text #3: MY PROGRAMMING NOTES.------------------------------------------------------------
This is the information converted to all lowercase:
Text #1: i strike him a heavy blow.
Text #2: when can the nerve shine?
Text #3: my programming notes.
C++ || Count The Total Number Of Characters, Vowels, & UPPERCASE Letters Contained In A Sentence Using A ‘While Loop’
This program will prompt the user to enter a sentence, then upon entering an “exit code,” will display the total number of uppercase letters, vowels and characters contained within that sentence. This program is very similar to an earlier project, this time, utalizing a while loop, the setw and setfill functions.
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#include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; int main() { // declare variables int numUpperCase = 0; int numVowel = 0; int numChars = 0; char character = ' '; cout << "Enter a sentence: "; // Get sentence from user utilizing while loop while(cin >> character && character != '.') { // Checks to see if inputted data is UPPERCASE if ((character >= 'A')&&(character <= 'Z')) { ++numUpperCase; // Increments Total number of uppercase by one } // Checks to see if inputted data is a vowel if ((character == 'a')||(character == 'A')||(character == 'e')|| (character == 'E')||(character == 'i')||(character == 'I')|| (character == 'o')||(character == 'O')||(character == 'u')|| (character == 'U')||(character == 'y')||(character == 'Y')) { ++numVowel; // Increments Total number of vowels by one } ++numChars; // Increments Total number of chars by one } // end loop // display data using setw and setfill cout << setfill('.'); // This will fill any excess white space with period within the program cout <<left<<setw(36)<<"ntTotal number of upper case letters:"<<right<<setw(10) <<numUpperCase<<endl; cout <<left<<setw(36)<<"tTotal number of vowels:"<<right<<setw(10) <<numVowel<<endl; cout <<left<<setw(36)<<"tTotal number of characters:"<<right<<setw(10) <<numChars<<endl; return 0; }// http://programmingnotes.freeweq.com |
QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted portions are areas of interest.
In order to use the setfill and setw functions, remember to #include iomanip, as noted on line 2.
Notice line 17 contains the while loop declaration. The loop will continually ask the user to input data, and will not stop doing so until the user enters an exit character, and the defined exit character in this program is a period (“.”). So, the program will not stop asking the user to enter data until they enter a period.
Once compiling the above code, you should receive this as your output
Enter a sentence: My Programming Notes Is Awesome.Total number of upper case letters:.........5
Total number of vowels:....................11
Total number of characters:................27
Hi, I'm a software engineer. I write articles about programming and design in my spare time.
